應用實績 : Hach EZ系列監測儀協助歐洲匈牙利自來水廠水中鐵和錳的氧化監測
Optimization of Iron and Manganese Oxidation in Groundwater for Drinking water
Background 背景介紹
Budapest WaterWorks provides 1 million m3 drinking water per day to consumers in the city of Bupdapest, Hungary. Most of their 756 wells are located along the river-bank of the Danube river, and therefore high quality ground water is available due to river-bank filtration. Pre-oxidation of this water source is required, as Iron and Manganese levels can be above the limits set by the European Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184.
Raw water is normally below the limit for iron of 200 μg/L, but close to the limit for manganese of 50 μg/L. Without additional water treatment, these levels would not be in compliance with regulatory limits. As a result preoxidation is applied in the water treatment process for Iron and Manganese removal.
The preoxidation process is facilitated by a cascade system, where maximum aeration is created. To monitor the efficiency of preoxidation and compliance with regulatory requirements, online analysers were needed.
Budapest WaterWorks provides 1 million m3 drinking water per day to consumers in the city of Bupdapest, Hungary. Most of their 756 wells are located along the river-bank of the Danube river, and therefore high quality ground water is available due to river-bank filtration. Pre-oxidation of this water source is required, as Iron and Manganese levels can be above the limits set by the European Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184.
Raw water is normally below the limit for iron of 200 μg/L, but close to the limit for manganese of 50 μg/L. Without additional water treatment, these levels would not be in compliance with regulatory limits. As a result preoxidation is applied in the water treatment process for Iron and Manganese removal.
The preoxidation process is facilitated by a cascade system, where maximum aeration is created. To monitor the efficiency of preoxidation and compliance with regulatory requirements, online analysers were needed.
歐洲匈牙利布達佩斯自來水廠每天為布達佩斯市的居民提供100萬立方公尺飲用水。水廠的756口水井大部分位於多瑙河沿岸，因此受惠於河岸過濾，其水源為高品質的地下水。由於鐵和錳的濃度可能超過歐洲飲用水指令#2020/2184的法規限值，因此需要對其水源進行預氧化處理。
原水中的鐵的濃度通常低於200 μg/L的限值，但錳的濃度接近50 μg/L的限值。如果不進行另外的水處理程序，這些濃度將無法達到歐洲法規標準要求。因此，在水處理過程中採用預氧化程序以去除鐵和錳。
預氧化製程可透過串聯系統產生最大的曝氣量。為監測預氧化效率並確保達到法規要求，因而需要線上分析儀進行監測。
原水中的鐵的濃度通常低於200 μg/L的限值，但錳的濃度接近50 μg/L的限值。如果不進行另外的水處理程序，這些濃度將無法達到歐洲法規標準要求。因此，在水處理過程中採用預氧化程序以去除鐵和錳。
預氧化製程可透過串聯系統產生最大的曝氣量。為監測預氧化效率並確保達到法規要求，因而需要線上分析儀進行監測。
Iron and Manganese in Source Water 源水中的鐵和錳
Both iron and manganese often exist together in source water such as groundwater, but manganese usually occurs at much lower concentrations. Occurring naturally in soil and in most surface water and groundwater sources, manganese is an essential element for many living organisms because of its role in the function of enzymes. For humans, the largest source of manganese is usually from food. However, absorption of manganese across the gastrointestinal tract is regulated by the body to help maintain manganese homeostasis, and orally obtained manganese is generally considered to be one of the less toxic elements. Nevertheless, in the light of recent research, the guideline value for manganese in drinking water is the subject of ongoing debate.
Both iron and manganese often exist together in source water such as groundwater, but manganese usually occurs at much lower concentrations. Occurring naturally in soil and in most surface water and groundwater sources, manganese is an essential element for many living organisms because of its role in the function of enzymes. For humans, the largest source of manganese is usually from food. However, absorption of manganese across the gastrointestinal tract is regulated by the body to help maintain manganese homeostasis, and orally obtained manganese is generally considered to be one of the less toxic elements. Nevertheless, in the light of recent research, the guideline value for manganese in drinking water is the subject of ongoing debate.
鐵和錳通常同時存在於水源水中，例如地下水，但錳的濃度通常要低得多。錳天然存在於土壤以及大多數地面水和地下水源中，由於錳對於酵素的功能發揮作用，因此是許多生物體必需的元素。對人類來說，錳的最大來源通常是食物。然而，人體會調節腸胃道對錳的吸收，以幫助維持錳的體內平衡，而口服錳通常被認為是毒性較小的元素之一。然而，根據最近的研究，關於飲用水中錳的指示參考值仍有爭論。
Problem 問題與挑戰
The Drinking Water production plant of Budapest Waterworks had a challenge: Due to the high content of Iron and Manganese in the source water, preoxidation is required to remove the metals. But how could they guarantee that the finished water would meet the regulatory limits set by European legislation?
The Drinking Water production plant of Budapest Waterworks had a challenge: Due to the high content of Iron and Manganese in the source water, preoxidation is required to remove the metals. But how could they guarantee that the finished water would meet the regulatory limits set by European legislation?
歐洲匈牙利布達佩斯水務公司的飲用水(自來水)廠面臨一項挑戰：由於源水中鐵和錳含量高，需要進行預氧化去除這些金屬。但他們如何能保證出水水質符合歐洲法規規範的限值？
Solution 解決方案
With the use of Hach® EZ series online Manganese and Total Iron analysers, levels are monitored in real-time. The results generated are connected to the customers Scada system where early warnings are detected and compliance monitoring is logged.
使用Hach ® EZ 系列水中錳監測儀和水中總鐵監測儀即時分析水質。產生的測量結果將連接到客戶的 Scada 系統，以早期預警並記錄合規性監控。
Benefits 益處
The EZ analysers ensure compliance with regulatory limits. As analysers are online instruments, they provides real-time information and replace frequent manual grab sample testing in the laboratory.
Hach EZ 分析儀監測目標參數的濃度是否符合法規規範限值。線上監測儀器可提供即時資訊，並取代實驗室中頻繁的手動取樣測試。
Continious Monitoring 連續監測
In general, laboratory analysis of process parameters helps to detect trends and identify potential problems. However, there is a time delay between sampling and the delivery of a result, and occasional sampling risks missing a spike in the concentration. Continuous monitoring therefore provides a more timely warning of raised levels and helps to identify the causes.
一般而言，實驗室分析有助於發現趨勢並辨識潛在問題。然而，從取樣到數據報告之間有時間延遲，偶爾的取樣也許可能會錯過濃度高峰期。因此，連續監測可以更及時地預警濃度升高，並協助找出原因。
In general, laboratory analysis of process parameters helps to detect trends and identify potential problems. However, there is a time delay between sampling and the delivery of a result, and occasional sampling risks missing a spike in the concentration. Continuous monitoring therefore provides a more timely warning of raised levels and helps to identify the causes.
一般而言，實驗室分析有助於發現趨勢並辨識潛在問題。然而，從取樣到數據報告之間有時間延遲，偶爾的取樣也許可能會錯過濃度高峰期。因此，連續監測可以更及時地預警濃度升高，並協助找出原因。
Solution and Improvements 解決方案與改進
The EZ Series of analysers employ online colorimetric technologies to measure key water quality parameters accurately and reliably. Smart, automated features contribute to enhanced analytical performance, minimised downtime and negligible operator intervention. Cleaning is automatic and both calibration and validation frequency can be set by the user.
The EZ Series of analysers employ online colorimetric technologies to measure key water quality parameters accurately and reliably. Smart, automated features contribute to enhanced analytical performance, minimised downtime and negligible operator intervention. Cleaning is automatic and both calibration and validation frequency can be set by the user.
Hach EZ 系列分析儀採用線上比色技術，可準確可靠地監測關鍵水質參數。智慧自動化功能提升分析效能，大幅減少停機時間，並大幅減少操作人員干預。清洗過程自動化，校正和驗證頻率皆可由使用者設定。
The EZ series has the ability to measure multiple streams simultaneously, up to a maximum of eight. This reduces the cost per sampling point, but must be specified at the time of ordering.
EZ 系列能夠同時監測多條水樣流，最多可達8個水樣流(選配)。這降低了每個採樣點的成本。
The EZ2000 Iron analyzer utilises the TPTZ reagent to form a deep blue-purple colour in a reaction which measures Dissolved iron Fe(II), Fe(III) and total dissolved iron Fe(II+III), and a measuring range of 0-1 mg/L.
EZ2000 水中鐵監測儀 利用 TPTZ 試劑在反應中形成深藍紫色，可測量溶解鐵 Fe(II)、Fe(III) 和總溶解鐵 Fe(II+III)，測量範圍為 0-1 mg/L。
The EZ1000 Manganese analyzer measures dissolved Manganese Mn(II), by the formaldoxime method at 450 nm, with Iron and Manganese in drinking water a measuring range of 0-1 mg/L Mn.
EZ1000 水中錳監測儀 以甲醛肟法在 450 nm 波長下測量溶解錳 Mn(II)，飲用水中的鐵和錳的測量範圍為 0-1 mg/L Mn。
Conclusion 結論
By implementing the EZ analysers, Budapest Waterworks drinking water treatment plant has ensured real time monitoring of Iron and Manganese. As a result early warnings are detected and compliance monitoring is logged continuously.
透過安裝 EZ 線上分析儀，布達佩斯水務公司自來水廠可即時監測水中鐵和錳的濃度。也因此可以早期預警，並連續記錄合規監測數據結果。
By implementing the EZ analysers, Budapest Waterworks drinking water treatment plant has ensured real time monitoring of Iron and Manganese. As a result early warnings are detected and compliance monitoring is logged continuously.
透過安裝 EZ 線上分析儀，布達佩斯水務公司自來水廠可即時監測水中鐵和錳的濃度。也因此可以早期預警，並連續記錄合規監測數據結果。
About the Customer 有關匈牙利布達佩斯水務公司
Budapest Waterworks, with its 150 years of history, is one of the leading water utility service providers in Central Eastern Europe.
Budapest Waterworks, with its 150 years of history, is one of the leading water utility service providers in Central Eastern Europe.
匈牙利布達佩斯水務公司擁有150年的歷史，是中東歐地區領先的水務服務供應商之一。
MISSION 使命
The mission is to provide excellent quality potable water in the long run at affordable prices. In addition to favourable environmental and hydro-geological conditions, preservation of excellent water quality also requires high standards and a technically sustainable operation. In addition improvement of the environmental and water resource protection via effective procurement, facilitates the reinforcement of our corporate responsibility objectives. Our water supply core business creates value both in domestic and international markets.
我們的使命是長期以實惠的價格提供優質的飲用水。除了良好的環境和水文地質條件外，保持優良的水質還需要高標準和技術上永續的運作。此外，透過有效的採購來改善環境和水資源保護，有助於強化我們的企業責任目標。我們的核心供水業務在國內和國際市場都創造價值。
VISION 願景
Efficient and safe water supply at best value for money.
以最佳性價比提供高效率、安全的供水服務。
Efficient and safe water supply at best value for money.
以最佳性價比提供高效率、安全的供水服務。
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